Gas pressure regulator



Sept. 8, 1953 F. J. EICHELMAN '2,651,147

GAS PRESSURE REGULATOR Filed Oct. 9, 1947 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 NRS,

x j@ va QCM@ INVENTOR.

I'Pafzh Jl'zchelmn/ I I a. l z

' ATmpN-'ys Sept 8, 1953 F. J. EICHELMAN GAS PRESSURE REGULATOR 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed 001'.. 9, 1947 .Im/ENTOR. Emmi? Jzc'elmn ATTORNEYS Patented Sept. 8, 1953 GAS PRESSURE REGULATOR Frank J. Eichelman, Brookfield, Ill., assignor to National Cylinder Gas Company, Chicago, Ill., a. corporation of Delaware Application october 9, 1947, serial No. 778,939 Y 15 claims. (ci. sii- 23) This invention relates to fluid pressure regulators of the type in which the high pressure gas is delivered through a nozzle into a lov/'pressure chamber where it acts against a diaphragm which carries means for preventing or permitting ow of gas through the nozzle into said chamber. Ordinarily this means is a disc or valve seat engageable with the end of the nozzle to stop the oW of gas into the chamber when the pressure in said chamberreaches a predetermined value, which value it is desired to maintain on the gas delivered from said chamber` In most such devices there is a non-adjustable spring in said chamber aiding the low gas pressure in the chamber in its tendency to close the valve, and there is also employed an adjustable spring on the opposite or outer side of the diaphragm, and supplementing the high pressure of the gas in the nozzle and against the seat, and tending to force the valve seat and diaphragm away from the nozzle when the pressure in said chamber is b elow the desired deliveryr pressure.

Such a construction operates satisfactorily if the pressure on the high pressure gas remains constant. By merely adjusting the pressure of the last mentioned spring any desired low and substantially constant delivery pressure maybe indefinitely maintained.

In many commercial uses of such regulators the high pressure gas is delivered from a portable cylinder, and when the contents of such cylinder is used up, or the pressure thereingets below a practical minimum, the cylinder is removed and replaced by a fresh one.

The pressure in the cylinder maybe 2000 p. s. i. or more at the start, and the Vgasmay be withdrawn until the pressure has dropped to about 200 p. s. i. or less.

the delivery pressure unless the last mentioned spring is adjusted at frequent intervals to compensate for drop in the pressure exerted on the gas through the nozzle.

The main object of my invention is to provide j from 2000 p. s. i. to 200 p. s. i., without'the necessity of regulating from time to time the effective pressure of 'any spring, and without any adjusting operation on the part of the user. In

other words, by means of my'invention it is pos- Y. sible to automaticallymaintain constant the delivery pressure during a wide change in gas supply pressure.

During such drop in supply-` i pressure there `will be a corresponding drop iny As the most important feature of my inventionI provide means whereby the high gas pressure acting throughthe nozzle on the valve seat or disc is counterbalanced at all times by an' equal and opposite pressure, so that changes in gas supply pressure no longer have any substan` tial eiect in moving the valve seat or disc, and

the delivery pressure may be maintained constant at any value determined by the setting ofthe adjustable spring.

As a further important feature I provide a second or auxiliaryl diaphragm also connected to the valve seat, and I subject said auxiliary diaphragm to the same supply pressure as that exerted on the seat through the supply nozzle. The pressure exerted on the auxiliary diaphragm acts in the opposite direction to that .exerted through the supply nozzle. Thereforeoas the pressure of the gas suppliedv to the regulator changes, there will be a change in the pressure Vapplied to said seat through said nozzle, and tending to move the seat away fromv the nozzle, and there will bel an equal changein vthe pressure on the gas act-V ing on said auxiliary diaphragm Vand tending to move the seat toward the nozzle. As these pressures remain equal, even during a drop in the supply pressure through a wide range,'the delivery pressure `will be controlled solely by .the pressurevon the springrwhich may be adjusted to give and maintain any desired delivery gas pressure. s s f So far as I am advised, it is broadly new to automatically maintain the delivery gas pressure constant during a wide variation inthe pressure of the gas supplied to a gas pressure regulator havingY a single valve reduction.y

I believe it is also broadly new to so construct and arrange the parts of a gas pressure regulator that variations in the pressure of the gas supplied exerts no tendency either to Lopen or close the valve through which the gas is supplied to a low pressure chamber. ,Y Y

In the accompanying drawings I have shown several embodiments of my invention. In these drawings:

Fig. 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic showing` of a regulator in central longitudinal section. and embodying my invention. n

Fig. 2 is a similar section through a commer-v cial embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a. section similar to a. portion of. Fig. 2,V but upon an enlarged scale, moreA clearly to shown the parts.

Fig. 4l is a section through the main casing U member of the regulator, and taken in a verticaly 'plane at right angles to the i plane of Fig. 2L

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on the line 5-5 ef Fig. 4, and indicating by the lines 2-2 and 4-4 the sections on which Figs. 2 and 4 are taken, and

Fig. 6 is a sectionshovving a somewhat different construction embodying the same invention, and taken through a regulator in a Section corresponding to one at right angles to the plane of Fig. 2.

In Fig. 1 a regulator is somewhat diagram-` matically shown, and embodies a main body member IU closed at one side by afdiaphragm I I to form a low pressure chamber I2. A supply y pipe I3 projects through one wall" and Yterminates in a nozzle I4 facing in a direction-away from the diaphragm, and the chamber has an outlet I5 through which the g-aszunder thefde-Y sired low pressure may be delivered to the place of use, which may be a cutting or Welding vtorch or any other apparatus to Which it is desired to deliver.y gas under a fconstant vpressure. which is substantially lower than. the. supply Apressure in the :pipe I3 and nozzle :I.4. The diaphragm has a yoke =:I6 secured theretoand carrying valve means for controlling gas ow throughthenozzle. Such -yalvefmeans usually comprises a disc or valverseat- Il` of nonfporous resilient material. Secured :to .the casing andusually employed as a means. for; tightlyv clamping the peripheral edge of the diaphragm H to the main casing I', is a 3U cap l 8 enclosing'-` yan; adjustable spring vI 9,- whereby pressuremay, be; applied to the outer surf ace ofthe'diaphragm andin opposition to thepressure ofizthe gaszinzthe chamberv I2. The yoke usuallyzhasa stem 20. Whicnmay be guided in a socket -in oicarried by alwall of the casing or bodyzmembera i6, .soas to prevent any tilting of theavalve seat,and insuring that its movement beV on1y;directly toward-oraway from the end of thennozzle` There is usually also provided a spring 2| in'the chamber? I2Land-'actingto supplernent-y the gasY pressure-in'vsaid chamber in forcing..thefvalvesseat` l'lz against the nozzle.

To'the .extent :so: vfar described, the parts are thosevoi many well-known types of gas pressure 45 regulators. .i l

`From? the Iforegoing Fit--Will' be seen that there areifour forces acting-f to controlthe movementof thee valve disc'xand -to control-its'position. These forces.and.itheir'ldirectionofi action are indicated y 50 z on Fig. 1 by the arrows PI, P2, P3 and-P4.v considering thern, the hole throughthe valve disc I1 and-stem 'lll` andtheparts vbelovvr the spring 2 I are lnotpresent in ordinary regulators, 'and for. the :presentare to lne-ignored. v

Force PI is the high pressure exerted^byfgas in: the nozzle on asmall-area of1thevalve-disc, and vtendingv to -open the valve.

ForceP2 is that-ofV the springY I'Sacting on the outer side of thediaphragmiand tending to push` the diaphragm in and openthe'val-ve.

Force P3 is that of the low-pressuregas in the chamberf =I 2- Which-aots f on the diaphragm and tends'toclose the' valve. y

Force P4 is that of the spring 2| inthe low pressure i' chamber I2, r-and f supplementing force P3-in tending to'close'A the valve.

Tohold the valve ,closed with the seat against tlnenozzle,` the sum'offorces PI and P2 `should equal the s um of forces P3 and P4; and to' hold` the-valvevopen andgmaintair a constant gas flow, force'P3 "slightly lowers, 'due to Withdrawal f gals, and the sum of forces PI andAP2`slightl'y exceeds thesurn pf'forces'fPB and P4. ForcePll substantiallyconstnt; "force" P2 is adjustable,

`l-ivery gas pressure, decreases unless the tension 1of;thejspring-exerting force P2 be increased by turning a screw 22 to compensate for decrease 'of force Phnamely'supply gas pressure.

As anexample, if the diaphragm has an area of 6 sq'. in., the nozzle passage has an area of .017 sq.

in.,='the gas'pressure'is 2000 p. s. i., and the spring exerting force P4 applies an eiective pressure of 40'pounds on the diaphragm, then the spring exerting force P2 should be adjusted to give an effective Ypressure of slightly over* 306 pounds 'to maintaing the valve open'andl to maintain' the delivery pressure atp. s. i., as will be seen from the following: Force PI -(supply gas) V2000 .017:34 Force P2 (adjustablespring I9) .306

Force P3 (delivered gas) 50' 6 sq.

- in "300: Force P4 (non-adjustable spring or the spring- I9 exerting forceP2 must be adjusted to exert a pressuresubstantially higher Force P2 ladjustable spring 19)-: 336.6

l l 340. Force P3 (delivered gas 50 6 l sq.- in 300. Force- P4 (non-adjustable spring 2I) 40.

v" Therefore, if a ,constant delivery pressure' is'y desired, it is'necessary' to frequently adjust the pressure exerting force l'?2.to compensate for the progressive decreasein" force PI exerted by' the' 5., supply gasv pressure.

By'means of the presentinvention "it is possiblevtoprovde a gas pressure regulator which Will delivergas undervr a substantially` constantr pressure duringJdecrease in supply pressure, and- Without the necessity of making manual adjustments ofv the'spring pressure from time to' time.

I accomplish this object by ybringing to bear force P5 tending to close the valve,y and which' force progressively decreases'at the saine rate as does force"Pl.` Y

In carrying out my invention I 'providelan auxiliary diaphragrn`23 Which is operatively connectedjto the main` diaphragm and to the valve seat, and which Vis preferably substantially smaller than themain diaphragm II. This diaphragm"'23` is subjected to' the pressure of the supply gas, which may bedelivere'dA lin any suitable manner, as'for instance'fthrough a passage 24 which connects a 'chamber 25' belowthe .dia-

phrag'm with the source of high pressure gas. As

most of the area of the auxiliary diaphragm 23 abuts the casing lor body I0, it is only upon the base area of the stem 20 minusrthe area of passage 24 that the force P5 is eiective. This area area and the area of the seat I1 minus the area of passage 24 upon which the gas pressure from nozzle I 4 is effective are so proportioned that the force` PI substantially equals force Y P5. Force P5 onthis auxiliary diaphragm acts on the valve in the. same direction as does force P3 of the delivery gas acting on the main diaphragm. Thus the high pressure gas acts in opposite directions against the valve seat, and forces PI and P5 substantially neutralize each other at all times. As force P4 is constant and it is desiredto maintain force P3 constant,A force P2 may remain conf stant and equal to force P3 P4, and the delivery pressure in the .chamber I2 will remain constant during a dropping of the supply pressure through a wide range. The delivery pressure (force P3) may be initially xed by adjustment of the spring I9, and no further adjustment of lthis spring is necessary. If the high pressure gas beV delivered to the chamber 25 by a passage 24extending from the nozzle through the valve seat Il and the stem 20, it may be considered that Athere is no excess pressure appliedto either side ofthe valve seat,\and that there is no force exerted by thehigh pressure gas on the seat, and which would tend tomove said seat in either direction. Y

In Figs. 2 to 5 inclusive there is shown in more detail a commercial embodiment and, so far as applicable, the same reference numerals are employed as in Fig. 1, .or those same numerals with the letter a will be used to designate corresponding parts, and the main functions and operation of the parts designated by those numerals need not be restated.

As shown particularly in Figs. 4 and 5, the maindbodyA member Illa has a transverse bar portion 30 with `a socket 3| to which the high pressure gas supply conduit is connected, and a bore 32 leading to a socket 33 into which the nozzle I4 -is screwed. From the bore 32 may lead a smaller bore 34 to socket 35 for a high pressure gauge connection. `In the outer wall `of the body member is a socket 36 to receive a lowV pressure gauge connection. A safety pressure-release device 38 may be connected in a socket 31. Prefsl erably a screen or gas filter 39 is mounted in the socket 33 and between the bore 32 and the nozzle I4. J- Opposite to the delivery end of the nozzle I4 is the valve seat or disc Il, and means are pro- -vided for operatively connecting it to the main 4diaphragm I I. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, a yoke 40 is fconnected to the diaphragm by a bolt section and a nut, and the legs of the yoke straddle thebar 30 and carry a collar 4I into which is threaded a sleeve 42 held by alock nut 4 3. The sleeve may be guided in itsendwise lmovement with the diaphragm by loosely tting on the nozzle I4.'` y

Screwed into the sleeve 42 is a plug 44 having an axially extending tube 45 smaller thanV and coaxial with the passage through the nozzle I4, and through which high pressure gas lmay iiow from the nozzle to a chamber 25a. The valve seatfor 'disc I1 rests on this plug and encircles said tube 45. Threaded on the exterior of the sleeve 42 is a clamping collar or nut 41which clamps the periphery of the auxiliary diaphragm 23aftightly against the end of thev sleeve 42. The nut'41 has a centrally'disposed hole inthe end wal1and in this is loosely and slidablymounted a plunger 48 which also loosely lts in and abuts against the diaphragm 23a. A plug 49 is threaded into a large cap` 50 threaded into-the main. body member I0a to form an end Wall thereof and to enclose and protect the sleeve 42 and parts connected thereto, and serve as an abutment f or the spring 2|.

It rwill ybe noted that in this form the high pressure gas in the nozzle I4 may flow through the tube 45 to the vupper side of the auxiliary diaphragm 23a instead of to the under side, as in Fig. l, but the effect is the same. The high pressure acting on the auxiliary diaphragm 23d cannot materially displace its center part .outward of the chamber 25a because of engagea ment with the rigid member or plunger 48 which abuts the plug 49 that is part of the regulator casing. Therefore the high pressure applied to the auxiliary diaphragm 23a tends to urge the entire chamber 25a upward, and hence to urge the diaphragm 23a. and the parts clamped there, to, namely the parts 41 and 44 and the, valve seat I'I toward the nozzle I4 with a force that is directly proportional to the highrpressure in the nozzle. Since theselast named parts are connected through the yoke 40, to the main dias, phragm, the force of the high pressure gas applied to the auxiliary diaphragm 23a is thus ap. plied in the same directionas the force of the low pressure gas on the main' diaphragm I I. "In doing so the auxiliary diaphragm 23a. maybe forced downwardly into theopening or passage occupied by the stationary abutment 48 `to a slight extent.r It is important to note that the pressure in the chamber 25a is the, same as that in the nozzle, and the high pressure in the nozzle tending to force the valve seat down is counterbalanced by the same high pressure in the chamA ber 25a. tending to push the valve seat up against the nozzle. It will be apparent that the counterbalancing force ofthe high pressure gas in the chamber25a` not only may be made toy equal the force of the high pressure gas in nozzle I4 applied to the valve seat Il as shown, but that itl may be made greater or less than thefforce applied through the nozzle to the'fvalve seat through the selection of appropriate dimensions for the rigid member or plunger 48 and the open. ing. through which it makes contact with the auxiliary diaphragm 23a.

The construction shown in Fig. 6` combines certain features of Fig. land Figs. 2 to 5 in-z clusive. Ihe chamber 25'b is below the auxiliary diaphragm, as in Fig. 1, but they passage to` said chamber, instead of beingthrough the valve disc, is through an elbow 5I,a'tube 52 :and an elbow 53 connected tothe main body. member Ib. Thevlatter has ya bore A54 leading through the bar portion 3Il|b to. the socket 33 into'which the nozzle I4 is secured. Thus the pressure of the high pressure gas. .may be transmitted through these parts .to Vthe. underside of the auxiliary diaphragm 23h. v'l'he plug 49 of Figs'. 2 and 3 is replaced by a hollow screw` plug 55 which clamps the diaphragm 231i in place, and the elbow 5I is secured to a cap5l5` screwed onto the end of the screw plug 55. The plug 44b is imperforate, Aand the plunger, 48h spaces .the center of thevdiaphragm from the plugy 44h so that the pressure in chamber 25D tends topush the valve seat against the nozzle.

Thus it will be seen that in all of the various forms illustrated the valve seat is pressed against the nozzle ,solely bythe pressure of thelow pres-.-

aes-m47 sureigasracting'onithe mairridi'apnragmandftnat thefivalveiseatlissubjected: to 4the:pressure for -the high pressure Iacting equally fin #opposite i directions, so* thatth'e-netlfiect-istliat the high= pressure'ffo the supplyfgas exerts-no force-tending tol move' 'theffv'a'lve 'se'a't either ltoward er1-away from-'thelnozzle end., andit#is-not'dnecessaryf to adjust the tension of any spring insorder'eto 4m'ai'rit-efin the delivery pressure constant "during decrease inthepressure fof theE supply gas.

Theibalancef of-the pressure ro'f the high. pressurel =gasf on fthe -valve- -discAV and the moving of the dlses'olelyiby the pressures-lof the adjustable spring-andthe low-pressure have a furtherA im- `portantadvantage.' :In:operation, the volume of l 'gas ow'1-rom1 vbthe l-nozzle to the chamber should-bathe same :as .the volume -ofA gas flow from-'the chamber to thefplace offuse, regardless/foi the gas-pressure inl the :supply tankA and irilthe-nozzle. V`As A'the pressure lofsthe 'gas-.in the nozzle inmy v AIimproved construction is. not utilized to impartanyvalve-opening-Lforce .on theivalve, theispring I8 acting Jon-the diaphragm will lioldf the valve -d-isc inthe proper lposition to insure'theproper-rate of. now-from thennozzle to'fthechamber--requal tothe rate-of flowof gas fromtheA chamberunderthe desired pressure, but vthe Vlhigherthe-pressure inv-the nozzle the greater ftheI tendency -toUv pushthe valve disc farther-from the nozzle.

'I'.Tof. insure va, uni-formmate ofi flow lof gas from the 'regulator and under aaconstant pressure, lthe spacing of the-valve-discfrom. the nozzle will be ian-lessy andthe velocity-ofi-iiowirom high to low pressure will beffar fgreaterfwhen ythe .pressure in the nozzle L is very ihigh,` :.for instance 1 2000 pt s;-i.,lthan whatit iSv/hen the supply-pressurel-'lias :dropped '-toY 290.171. s. i., `for instance. This lmakes themaintenance of alun-iorm pressure-'in the 4discharge 'chamber diiiicultf.when the fiowbfrom lthedelivery chamber iisflintermittent and fsuddenly .stopped and istarted. By: lbalanc- -ingthe effect. `of the high pressure -gason the seat;iand moving thevalve-seat `solelyby. the main diaphra'gm and thespring a uniform Apressureinlthe chamber .under yall conditions `of .use may be :more :easily 1maintained.

.I1-"have .illustrated .my invention 2 as applied `to a-:ftype .'of regulator .inf which. the nozzle isl between. the, diaphragm 'and .the `valve nseat r .which is carried by the diaphragm,` andthe gaslfrom the nozzle is directed 'away' from the diaphragm, but it wili-beiobviousthatfthe invention is equally applicable:sito'.` regulators havingthe. parts other-relative positions, as for. instance, in la socalled fstem.. type regulator. In that Atype `the valve #seat is connected to the. diaphragm by a rodextending .throughthe nozzlaaand the gas flowsrthrough .the nozzle toward. thediaphragm instead of away fromit. .-In otherwords,l the valve-seatisiat the highpressure. instead :of the low :pressure end of the nozzle.

.xilniapplyingthe invention .-to` that type of regulater 'the `second :or .added diaphragm, `whichzis connected: to fthe rvalve seat, has` the thighA .pressure gas act'on 'the upper ratherithanithe .under side.. of. thisV diaphragm, and :.the-:under-side-.is vented to the atmosphere. .Having'thus described my invention f-what I claim` as new Land desire v.to secure '.by i Letters Patentis: i

1. A gas pressure iregulatorlcompr-ising a low pressure dischargenhamben :one `outside Wall of whichfis Vformed 'by a diaphragm `against which the.: low.; discharge pressure..` in.: said` chamber .is

8 exerted@Ianrfadustable# spring :pressure exerted inwardly against :said diaphragm, al iixedrhig'h pressure discharge 1nozzle disposed; insad chamber, a -valveamember v1in said chamber Yconnected to l'-said dia'plnfagnr` Fand'.cooperating with fsaid nozzle 4for Acontrolling the :iiow iof:y gas v:iroin l said nozzle into said'chainber iinresponse. to the-'pressure `A'on -saidirdiaphra'gm and'the pressureof gas inlsafid noz'zle, an .auxiliary diaphragm 'connected to 'thef sidei ofi -said :valve f-inember; 'oppositessaid nozzle, -andlmean's' for/:maintaining .a'gasfpressure againstls'aid' auxiliary-#diaphragm 'substantially thefsamefas lin said-.nozzle `:and insa'directinnfito urge said1valve:.member.ltoward fsaiid nozzle: with aV` force proportional l.' to .the Vzp-ressure .aci-gas :in said nozzle,` whereby `saicizvalve membenzis operatedfby the con-Joint action iofsaidrispring .pressure land 'said diaphragm. y

` 2.1..A` lgas ipressure' regulator. including i, a low pressure ndischarge chamber having a'diaphragm for-ming one' wall .thereof,. azhighipressure .fdischarge vvnozzle :in Y :said chamber; av valve seat :in said charnber, connected..to .said diaphragm tand coacting with usaid- ;nozzle :to control the". fiowv :of gas from the latterinto said chambensanauxiliary'f'diaphragmvconnectedo.. the? side of said valve`| seat -oppositez -said nozzle, :anda means for applying to aV surf ace-y of 'said .auxiliary diaphragm theJ same `:highnpressure 'asisfinizsaids nczzlevand in a direction-oppositethereto .with .arforcezfproportional to the force exerted by the gas pressure in said-nozzle.

`3. v Ina pressure 'regulator of:thetyigie'v in which there is provided a fixed highpressure .gasrsupply nozzle, a diaphragm subjected .onzoneL side :thereof VAto low 4pressure `delivery gas; la valve seat :connetcedlto said f diaphragm :and .'alspring, acting ion said diaphragm land; inopposition to theapressure of said low pressureideliverygas.orrsaididiaphragm,'said regulator being 'characterized gby a second diaphragmV connected .to the.` side, ofxsaid valve seat opposite-said nozzlepmeanstforzapplying to =said-fsecond =diaphragm thetpsame-z` high pressure as lexistsin. said.4 nozzle. in. a idirection tending @to move l said seat toward. isaid.A nozzle with af force lproportional' tozsaid high-.pressurein said nozzle, vwhereby' .movementoi- :saideseat Vtoward ifand r'fromsa'iollnozzle is; substantiallvindependentl'of vvariations. .thezpressurecot thehigh pressure supplygas.

Y 4."A-'gaspressure lregulatorincluding aotllow pressure-discharge chamber; Aa fxed Snigh:l :pressure nozzle within said chamber, a valve seat in saidhainber movableftowardand away'irom said nozzle and f coacting rtl'ierewithzfto. icontrol the-now Aof =gas therefromitosaid chamber, and means for Vapplying apressure equalto'th'e pressure of the :gas in said-nozzle .to the; side fof lsaid --valve 'seat xopposite: said nozzle toorce said seat toward said: nozzle Vand.t to'A substantially counterbalanceithe rpressure. :applied on .-z--said seat 'by the-gasin said nozzle. l

5: A 1 gas pressure-regulator `:ofztheftypefvvhicli includes a delivery gas pressure chamberdiaving one wallthereof '.iormed by. a-I diaphragm, a xed V high'. pressurel gas; :supply nozzle t .in t said Chambon; a"- valve .i seatsA connected to- :said: diaphragm l:andfmmzable `therewith toward Vand from thelendiof said nozzle :for controlling` thefflowof gas from 'the higlr pressure fin said'. nozzle to .the .lower pressure in"'said chamber, said .regulator beingcharacterized by an- `-auxiliarydiaphragm movable:vvith.-said.seatv and Varranged .with one side facing.- .the` side oisaid` seatoppositasa'id nozzle, rand spassage. .meansffor conducting. 'high 9 pressure gas from said nozzle to the other side of said auxiliary v,diaphragm to urge said valve seat toward-said nozzle with a force directly proportional to said high pressure in said nozzle.

6. A gas pressure regulator as defined in claim 5, and in which Y said passage means leads throughsaid valve seat and through said auxiliary diaphragm. Y Y

7. Azgas pressure regulator as dened in claim 5, and in which said passage means conducts high pressure gas to the side of said auxiliary diaphragm farthest from said valve seat.

8. A gas pressure regulator of the type which includes a delivery gas pressure chamber having one wall thereof formed by a diaphragm, a fixed high pressure gas supply nozzle in said chamber, a valve seat connected to said diaphragm and movable therewith toward and from the end of said nozzle for controlling the now of gas from the high pressure in said nozzle to the lower pressure in said chamber, said regulator being characterized by an auxiliary diaphragm also connected to said seat opposite said nozzle and a passage for conducting high pressure gas from said nozzle through said valve seat to the side of said auxiliary diaphragm nearest to said valve seat, and means including a rigid non-yielding member opposing movement of said auxiliary diaphragm away from said valve seat, whereby said high pressure gas applied to said auxiliary diaphragm is exerted as a force urging said valve seat toward said nozzle.

9. A gas pressure regulator of the type which includes a delivery gas pressure chamber having one wall thereof formed by a diaphragm, a fixed high pressure gas supply nozzle in said chamber, a valve seat connected to said diaphragm and movable therewith toward and from the end of said nozzle for controlling the flow of gas from the high pressure in said nozzle to the lower pressure in said chamber, said regulator being characterized by an auxiliary diaphragm connected to said seat opposite said nozzle, a passage for conducting high pressure gas from said nozzle through said valve seat into a chamber having an opening opposite said valve seat, said auxiliary diaphragm extending over said opening in said chamber and a non-yielding member positioned in said opening opposing movement of said auxiliary diaphragm away from said valve seat, whereby pressure on said auxiliary diaphragm member is applied as a force urging said valve seat toward said nozzle.

10. A fluid pressure regulator for delivering fluid at a substantially constant low delivery pressure and received from a supply source at a higher pressure which decreases, including a casing having a diaphragm of which one surface is subjected to the desired low delivery pressure, a spring acting thereon, means for adjusting the pressure of said spring to vary said delivery pressure, an auxiliary diaphragm operatively connected to said first-mentioned diaphragm and having one surface subjected to said supply high pressure, a nozzle for high pressure fluid having its discharge end in xed position between said diaphragms, a valve seat opposed to said nozzle to control the ow of fluid therefrom arranged between and operatively connected to both diaphragms to be urged toward said nozzle by the delivery gas pressure applied to said first-mentioned diaphragm and by the supply pressure applied to said auxiliary diaphragm, and a second and nonadjustable spring acting in opposition to said first-mentioned spring to urge said uid therethrough.Y 11. In a gas vpressure regulator having a dia-j phragm subjected to delivery gas pressure' regulated by an adjustable pressure applied to the opposite side thereof, a fixed nozzle lthroug'hjr which is supplied gas at a higher and varying supply pressure, and a valve seat subjectedto said gas supply pressureV at jsaid nozzle and movable with said diaphram' toward and away from z, said nozzle to'jcontrol the flow :of gas therefrom l5 the combination of a chamber operatively. connected tojand movablehwithfsaid' valve seat, saidf valve seat having a passage-therethrough to admit gas to said chamber at its supply pressure at said nozzle, the wall of said chamber opposite said valve seat having an opening therethrough closed by an auxiliary diaphragm, and a nonyielding member in said opening against which pressure on said auxiliary diaphragm is exerted to urge said valve seat toward said nozzle with a force directly proportional to said gas supply pressure at said nozzle.

12. In a gas pressure regulator having a diaphragm subjected to delivery gas pressure regulated by an adjustable pressure applied to the opposite side thereof, a xed nozzle through which is supplied gas at a higher and varying supply pressure, and a valve seat subjected to said gas supply pressure at said nozzle and movable with said diaphragm toward and away from said nozzle to control the ow of gas therefrom; the combination of a chamber connected to and movable with said valve seat, means to admit gas into said chamber at its supply pressure at said nozzle, a wall of said chamber having an opening therethrough closed by an auxiliary diaphragm and means cooperating with said auxiliary diaphragm through said opening against which pressure in said chamber is exerted to urge said valve seat toward said nozzle with a force directly proportional to said gas supply pressure at said f nozzle.

13. Method of obtaining a uniform reduced gas pressure from a gas supply at higher and varying pressures with only one manual selective operation for any selected reduced pressure, which comprises the steps of admitting gas from the supply through a presusre operable valve into a pressure-transmitting expansion chamber from which gas is delivered at the selected reduced pressure, applying spring pressure preselected to maintain the valve open in opposition to the selected reduced gas pressure, and applying the gas supply pressure against opposite sides of the valve with forces directly proportional to each other.

14. Method of obtaining a uniform reduced gas pressure from a gas supply at higher and varying pressures with only one manual selective operation for any selected reduced pressure, which comprises the steps of admitting gas from the supply through a pressure operable valve into a pressure-transmitting expansion chamber from which gas is delivered at the selected reduced pressure, applying spring pressure preselected to maintain the valve open in opposition to the selected reduced gas pressure, applying the gas supply pressure against one side of the valve in a direction tending to open it7 and exerting a pressure derived from the gas supply against l 1 thev opposite side of. said valve. as 4a. force. directly proportional toi the gas supply pressure..

lfMethod of fohtaining a .uniform reduced gas ...pressure from.. a. gas "supplyat higher and.

varying pressures with onlyonesmanual.selectiveT operation..forany selected reduced I pressure, which 'comprises thesteps. of admitting. gasirom the.-.supply through a. .pressure operableV valve into a Apressi-1retransmiti'.ing expansion. chamber from which 'gas is `delivered .at `the selected reduced pressure, applying spring pressure preselected .to maintainthe. valve open in opposition to. the selected `reduced rgas pressure, directly' applying. thegas `supply pressure against one .side of thev valve in.the.direction.tending Ito open it, and in directly'. .applyngfihe pressureV of. the. gas supply against.. the oppositeside of..sa.id'.lva1ve as -a l2 counterforce. that. is .directly proportional/.to .the gassupply pressure applied. directlyLo-the valve.

FRANK J References. Cited in the file of this. patent,

UNITED STATES PATENTS? Number Name Daite 159,732 Wesebrock Feb. 9,"18755 331,544 Reinecke Dee. 1,1885 644,406 Crawford Feb-42711900* 646,428 f Hardie Apu-'3, 1900" 718,694* Chapman Jan. 205'1903" 8801402 Reynolds Feb. 25;;1908

1,525,426 Mueller Feb;` 3, 1'9'25 1,944,424 Gleason Jan; 23;''1934V 

